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Tag: harvest

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Perennial "potato" harvest

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Sunchoke harvest of 2011.

This year was the first crack at our perennial root harvest. They aren't quite potatoes, but almost. These tubers are known as sunchokes, or Jeruselum artichokes. Really they aren't artichokes at all but the perennial sunflower, Helianthus tuberosus.

Two or three years ago (I can't remember exactly) we planted the sunchokes with the hopes of getting a yearly harvest. For the first couple years they were just left to populate the soil. We didn't want to over harvest them for fear of harvesting viable populations of tubers too fast. First rule of foraging, only take what can be sustained by the system, even if it is in your own back yard!

So we left them, and left them another year. Finally, the third year, we could harvest. Tim is very happy about this as he just LOVES sunchokes. When we first bought tubers from Whole Circle Farm he was very sad that we couldn't eat them. But we did manage to keep them for the winter and plant them in anticipation of yearly harvests down the road.

And here it is.  This lot came from perhaps 3-5 foot area square. Just a small space. We thought this was a great harvest from such a small space, especially compared to growing potatoes in a similar space. It was only a fraction of what we could have harvested as you  see.

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Sunchokes harvested.

We have two areas of sunchokes. One beside our annual gardens in a kind of sun trap. It is beside a large erratic boulder brought in during the ice age. It is a warm little spot at the edge of some tall spruce trees.The second plating is along the front fence of the house. We wanted to ensure that we had a sizeable harvest every year, to test different growing conditions, and to provide a visual barrier from the road.

Sunchokes are very versatile. Not only can we eat them, but they can be used as winter feed for animals, as a silage feed, and have potential as a biodigester crop. Talk about a top 10 permaculture plant!

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Stems from the sunchokes, a lot of biomass.

So we harvested this lot. Of course we aren't in a position to create silage and don't have a biodigester so what do we do with the stalks?

The best stalks were picked and are drying in the greenhouse. Maybe they will make good wood substitutes for simple fencing, as bowdrills for fire making, or who knows. Not too sure how they will be used, but I am sure we will be able to find SOMETHING to do with them.

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Sunchoke stems drying.

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Chicken day!

What a day yesterday was. Most of all lit was long. We started at 4:45am to go to our friend's old farm. He was good enough to house our ten excess roosters at his place. So off we went to get our roosters, and help catch their chickens too.In total we caught a bunch of chickens in the dark or near dark. Tim and I didn't have headlamps so we had to put the light in the barn on. We then stumbled around trying to catch a few ducks. Catching ducks is like trying to run down a really angry two year old. Once held they flail and writhe for their life. Of course in this case it really is their life as they are going off on the final trip. Even getting the ducks into the crates was hard as they spread their wings as far as they can, trying to flap away and beat you simultaneously. Next was the turkeys. Luckily there were only 4 turkeys and they were quite easy to get. A dog crate was their home for the next little while, they were all far too big for the chicken crates. They were quite beautiful to see up close.  Neither Tim nor I have really seen turkeys up close and they really are lovely birds. Finally it was the pastured barred rocks. Luckily it was still dark so catching thirty only took a matter of minutes. Trying to determine size and sex was a challenge thought, they are black and white birds that visually read as grey in the dawn. Around 7:30 we left the farm for a small scale Mennonite poultry processor, one of a handful left in the area. We chose this one as it came highly recommended by other farmers. After seeing them we would have to agree. We arrived there just after eight and we were about 6th in line. Tim talked to some other people in line. We got our green slips and waited. Most people do a white-rock-cornish cross bird for meat. These birds are bred for meat and grow can grow to 10 pounds in around 10 weeks. At least that is what we are told. Most of these birds cannot fly and do not seem to care about much of anything around them. What they do do is convert feed to meat very well. Our birds took 28 weeks to get to 6 pounds.  After a while the inspector came round and said everything looked good. Actually watching the kill line was disturbing, but having said that...there was a person at every step of the way. The kids picked up the birds and flipped them around with ease. One, two, three, four, five into the stocks. The next kid with the electric knife would then grab hold of their neck and cut it. It wasn't graceful but it did appear immediate. The little chicken body was now stained red, it shook a bit and was done. The next step was the scalder to break down the proteins in the feathers to make it easier to pluck the birds, then into the Featherman plucker and onto the next stage inside the building. It really was, in many ways amazing to watch. The chances of a chicken getting injured and wandering around for too long is very low. Of course, that exact scenario happened while we were there. One of the chickens, not ours, came out of the stocks and landed on the floor. It was a bit dazed, but in no time it was picked up and killed. The sight really bothered me, but people are people and can make mistakes. Of course our birds were not docile meat birds and can fly. The Mennonite kids had to be told of this. They were very good about it and only had one, occasionally two birds in the stocks. They also kept a hold of the birds so they couldn't go anywhere. Once again it was all over very fast. Watching anything be killed is not a nice sight.  For us the entire process was somewhat traumatic. The thought of a mobile abattoir is wonderful because the worst part of the whole thing was catching the birds. Once they were in the cages they settled right down. The drive was okay too as they were well protected by the trailer and tarp. But, if we want to sell our birds legally this is what has to be done. After watching the entire process I can see a reason for having docile birds willing to accept their death. We left and went home to tend to the rest of our animals, have a shower, and get a bite to eat. We went back to the plant to pick up the birds in the afternoon. At the end of it all we have ten chickens in our freezer along with one duck from our friend. We have made another collective step towards knowing we can produce some more of our own food. Now we have to find out how much all of this cost!

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The Big Dig

This past season we have had some successes and some not so successes. One of our not-so-successes has been our nightshades, particularly our tomatoes and potatoes. Our eggplants seem to be okay but we don't have a lot. Much like last year our tomato and potato plants got late blight. This is a nasty "water mold" that makes the plants turn brown and shrivel up. The fruits or tubers do the same thing so they have to be picked before they are affected. This year the tomatoes were really bad and fast. Our potatoes have not been quite so affected, but we thought it best not to take any chances. Despite having to harvest early, we seem to have enough potatoes until next season. We both estimated that the full trug would be around 60-70 pounds.
So out I, Jennifer went to finish digging up the potatoes. There is something magical about digging up potatoes. Knowing that this one small slightly squishy, wrinkly, and multi-legged lump of starch that made it through the winter can become a mound of beautiful, delicious, healthy and long lasting potatoes is much like a caterpillar to butterfly to me. I love the anticipation of finding out how many potatoes I am going to find, like partaking on an archeological dig again and again.
Now we only have the equivalent of around 70 row feet of potatoes, but when there is a ton of mulch over them it can get tiring. This year was a bit of an experiment (code for can't quite remember what was done in the first place) as there were three different types of potatoes in the same bed. There were also some planted in parts of the forest gardens...the extras that didn't fit into the beds. All together I think there were five different varieties.
The first big job was to move the wilted and withered old hay that we had used as mulch. this job was somewhat sad because a nice little world had been created. there were pill bugs, wood lice, ants, millipedes, centipedes, earwigs, slugs, and many, many spiders both on top and below the mulch. On my digging journey I did discover that some voles had had some dinner parties featuring my potatoes as the main course. There was one handsome fellow among the mulch. He was special, I could tell by his house. Mr. Grass Spider had built an impressive home in the nooks and crannies of the mulch. Another, less sophisticated Grass Spider had made a home not too far away, but it was not nearly as nice as the fellow's house below. I did make sure to give them a shake to let them know that danger was on it's way.
There is a lot to know about growing potatoes and I know barely any of it. I would have never thought that different varieties would behave so differently. this is my own ignorance, because I know how different tomatoes can be. By harvesting all the rest of the potatoes I have learned a few things about what I wanted in a potato that I had never even known!
length of time to maturity: it was really interesting to see which potatoes had a lot of tubers on them and which didn't. The blue ones did better than a heritage variety which averaged two tubers per plant; barely enough to make it worth planting. The winner had several good sized tubers on each plant even now, a month earlier than I would have normally harvested.
depth of tubers: some of the plants required me to dig quite deep to get at the tubers. the worst for this was the blue ones. The best were almost at the surface of the soil but stayed beneath the mulch.
distance of new tubers from original tuber: having to dig around in the soil a foot from the original plant is a bit of a pain. Having the tubers close together reduces the risk of putting a tine through a spud and pointless digging to try and fins that one last starchy lump. The best plants literally had all the new potatoes all clumped together so digging was really easy and satisfying.
After I had dug up all the potatoes it seemed like a good time to just wander around the gardens. This is probably one of my favourite activities. Great joy comes from just wandering too see what has changed in a small space. Sometimes I am just amazed at how fast a community can change. One my travels through the garden a garter snake made her presence known. She wasn't that large so I suspect that she may have been one of this years young ones. I had seen one last year, but was not sure if any were still around, now I know. I guess our big rock is a good hibernaculum. While inspecting the heavy and healthy climbing cucumbers I narrowly missed stepping on a leopard frog hiding from the sun's heat under a cucumber leaf.
After collecting all the potatoes, cucumbers, beans, and whatever else I could find that needed to be picked I headed back up to the house to sort and cure the potatoes. Looking into the trug, I saw there were a good number of potatoes of various sizes.We managed to finish off the voles leftovers.

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